What Is The Term Given To The Lower Register Of The Clarinet's Playing Range

INSTRUMENT CLEF(s) WRITTEN RANGE (C4=middle C) SOUNDING (transposition) ...than written COMMENTS WOODWINDS

D4-C7 C: one octave higher
Db: small ninth higher or

C4-D7 Professional model flutes may apply awhich allows them to play ane/2 step lower.
There are a few isolated instances of a low Bb in the flute literature simply these are rare.

C4-C7 a Perfect 4th lower The

Alto Flute is sometimes incorrectly referred to as a Bass Flute. There are also a number of other designs for low-pitched flutes which are not generally used in an orchestra except for special situations.

Bb3-A6

Bb3-E6 a minor tertiary lower

B3-G6 a Perfect 5th lower

written in alto clef at concert pitch in sure Russian scores. It is similar in pitch and tone to the earlier musical instrument, Oboe da caccia.

A3-G6 1 octave lower

E3-C7 Bb: a whole pace lower
A: a minor tertiary lower
D: a whole step college
Eb: a minor 3rd college

C3-G6 a Perfect fifth lower

and

Eb3(or C3)-G6 a 9th lower;
a whole step lower when written in bass clef
Treble clef in Bb transposition is preferred mod notation. Professional person models tin play down to concert B-flat below the bass staff (written C3).
At that place are examples in the classical literature, especially in 19th century works, for Bass Clarinet in A or C and written in bass clef or a mixture of bass and treble clefs. This is non advisable for the modernistic composer as these instruments are rare to non-real and this will merely cause problems for the role player involved.

Bb1-Eb5 The bassoonist, like the oboe actor, will spend a lot of fourth dimension on the craft of reed making as all reeds are handmade.
(photos contributed by Kyle Szczepaniak)

Bb1-Bb4 i octave lower Use of tenor clef for contrabassoon is rare.

Bb3-G6 Bb soprano: a whole stride lower
Eb alto: a 6th lower
Bb tenor: a ninth lower
Eb baritone: 1 octave+6th lower
Bb bass: 1 octave+9th lower At one time in that location were a family of saxophones in F and C but they are no longer manufactured.

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BRASS Clef(s) Written Sounding (double horn)

F#2-C6 a Perfect 5th lower Horns may exist written in a number transpositions: C, D, Eb, E, F, G, A alto, Bb alto, Bb basso, B(rare)
Among horn players, transpositions are spoken of in terms of the Horn in F (ex. Horn in Eb is a whole stride lower)
Orchestral horns have a double tubing arrangement constructed for fundamental tones in F and Bb. in Bb

and
in F

Bb: C3-G5
F: F2-D5
Tuben or Wagner tubas are played by horn players. Note that valves are played with the left hand.
The sounding pitch of a Bb tenor musical instrument playing from a part written in treble clef should exist a 9th below the written annotation. However, the practical realizations of hornists are not entirely consistent on this point. ex. Stravinsky, Rite of Spring.
Tuben also have parts written in E-flat (sounding a 6th lower than written) in The Ring of the Niebelungen.

F#3-D6 C: (as written)
Bb: a whole stride lower
A: a pocket-size 3rd lower
G: a Perfect 5th higher
F: a Perfect 4th higher
E: a major 3rd college

Eb: a minor 3rd higher

D: a whole step higher for a detailed explanation of trumpet characteristics, see Del Mar, Beefcake of the Orchestra

F#three-G5 Bb: a minor 7th higher
A: major 6th college sometimes written F#4-G6
Bb: sounding 1 step lower
A: sounding a minor tertiary lower Trumpet family:
cylindrical and conical

*see note regarding clef for bass trumpet [cylindrical] [conical] Clarino Trumpet: for bizarre period and earlier; before the invention of valves.
Trumpets with rotary valves are more often than not used for 19th century orchestral works.
Trumpet in F: very mutual in 19th century works for armed forces bands. See Rimsky-Korsakov use of F and Eb alto trumpets.
Bass trumpet: plays in treble clef in Bb or in *bass clef (sometimes tenor). Ofttimes played by a trombone role player.Bb Cornet: transposition and playing range, basically the same as Bb Trumpet. Often used in pairs with trumpets.
Flugelhorn: same as Bb trumpet but not for upper range. More mellow sound, softer.
Posthorn: not generally for orchestral works but posthorn (with valves) is scored in Mahler Symphony No. 3.
Pocket trumpet: in Bb, generally poor sound and intonation.

A2-G5 Used primarily, but not exclusively, in 18th and 19th century High german orchestral works.

*treble (see notation) E2-F5 *a 9th lower, when written in treble clef equally a Bb transposing instrument. Pedal tones G1-Bb1 are possible.

Apply of the valve called the F-trigger engages an boosted length of tubing and facilitates pitches from F2 downward to C2, or B1 with the F-slide extended.

*British Brass Band music for Trombones in Bb is written in treble clef where the sounding pitch is a 9th below the written pitch.

Bb1-Bb4 Trombones, specially Bass Trombones come in a variety of design configurations according to manufacturer.

Ab0-C5 Although the proper noun implies an octave transposition - as in contrabassoon or contrabass - the contrabass trombone plays at concert pitch, no transposition. Information technology is primarily called for in a few select works of Wagner, Strauss, Schoenberg and Puccini.
Instruments are built with key tones of F, E-flat, BBb, and others in outset position. The shape and design varies from straight with slide handle extension to double valve and double slide models. The chioce of which instrument is nearly appropriate in any given situation is the players chioce.
In that location is no standard configuration of tubing for Contrabass trombones.

D1-F4 Orchestral tubas play at concert pitch regardless of the pitch of a particular instrument.
In the British brass band tradition,

Eb and Bb tubas are written in treble clef.

The Eb tubas audio one octave+a 6th below the written note while the Bb tubas sound ii octaves lower than written. The Bb tubas are technically BBb (double-Bb) tubas.

The F Tuba is a smaller, lighter musical instrument primarily used for solos.

Prior to the invention of the mod tuba in 1835, the ophecleide may accept been used.

sometimes tenor Bb1-Bb4 in bass Bb: a whole footstep lower in bass as a transposing musical instrument,
a 9th lower in treble

Both the German language style Tenor tuba and English style Euphonium are mutual. They are identical in pitch and therefore interchangeable for all practical purposes. This instrument should non be confused with the Bb or F Wagner tuba (also called tenor tuba) played past horn players, though they have a similar appearance. Note that valves on the tenor tuba/euphonium are played with the right manus.
When writing for this musical instrument in bass clef, it is appropriate to notate at concert pitch. Tenor clef may too be used.
In orchestral works prior to the mid-20th century, the euphonium written in bass clef frequently employs B-apartment transposition. This is not advisable in modern note.

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PERCUSSION Clef(southward) Written Sounding

standard set of 4 drums

20": F3‑C4
23": D3‑A3
26‑25": Bb2‑F3
29‑28": F2‑C3
32‑30": D2‑A2

in some cases of older notation, timpani is written in C with the root pitch indicated (ex. Timpani in D)

F3-C7 1 octave higher

(C2 to A2)-C7

G3-C6 2 octaves higher when notes exceed the range of the instrument the effective transposition is one octave higher.

The glockenspiel typically used by marching bands is the same instrument merely has 2 fewer notes on the bottom and three fewer on the height; mounted in a lyre-type frame.

F3-F6

C4-F5 individual chimes may extend the range of a standard set of chimes

E3-E6 1 octave lower Guitar, as with any cord instrument, may extend the upper range depending on the player's power.

Cb1-F#seven

Harp pedals operate a machinery by which each pedal changes the pitch of all of the strings of that pitch class: D-C-B--Due east-F-G-A

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KEYBOARD Clef(s) Written Sounding

A0-C8

C3-C7 1 octave higher This instrument is sometimes refered to as the Mustel celeste in certain works of Tchaikowsky. Mustel was the original manufacturer.

The Keyboard Glockenspiel is similar in sound and advent to the celesta merely smaller.

F1-F6

F1-F6 The harmonium is a pocket-size portable organ.

grand staff
+ pedal staff C2-C7 (on tracker organs)
Pedals C2-G4 (F4 on German organs) Manuals, equally written (can be 1 octave lower or two octaves higher with registration); Pedals, 1 octave lower (tin can be up to ane octave higher with registration. These ranges also use to electronic organs that are designed to simulate pipe organs; not classical electronic organs often take shorter than standard manual and pedal keyboards. (contrib. Randall Wilkins)

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STRINGS Clef(s)/Tuning Written Sounding

treble clef is also called violin clef G3-A7 no transposition, excepting scordatura

C3-E6 no transposition, excepting scordatura

C2-C6

The Viola da Gamba is similar in size to the cello but has half-dozen strings. It may be played past a cellist but commonly by a gamba specialist. It is used in baroque menstruation music.